The
publication Defence News comments expertly on military topics and
recently described the performance of the US Air Force in supplying
troops in Afghanistan with vital stores. It noted that last year “43
forward operating bases were supplied solely by air, with 27,000 troops
receiving all of their food, water, ammunition and fuel from the sky,
dropped primarily by the US Air Force..
The necessity to resupply
troops by air comes from several factors, not the least of which is the
skyrocketing number of roadside bombs US, Nato and Afghan troops face,
making travel by road a risky bet.”
This is a factual,
down to earth (literally) record of proficiency. It is admirable that
the US Air Force is capable of such expertise. But it is also an
admission of total strategic and tactical failure, because the very
reliance on airdrop resupply shows that the vast hi-tech military
machines of the west are incapable of controlling roads in a country
where they have been fighting a futile war for ten wretched years, in
which so many thousands of soldiers and civilians have been killed or
wounded.
Yet the Secretary General of Nato Anders Fogh
Rasmussen, declared in October that “The enemy is being pushed further
back from the population.” Heaven knows what briefings he was given
during his visit to Afghanistan, but for anyone to claim that “We saw
Afghan security forces that are growing more capable and more confident”
is misleading to the point of downright dishonesty.
And
the International Force spokesperson fluttered even further into cloud
cuckoo land last week when he declared that “Clearly, the security
situation is improving, the number of enemy initiated attacks is
decreasing and the vast majority of the Afghan population lives in areas
where peace and stability has already been established.” In the week
following his absurd assertion there were five Nato soldiers killed, an
appalling slaughter of Afghan civilians, and a rocket attack on Kabul.
With
very few exceptions, units of the Afghan army and police are a
shambles. Of course there are some capable Afghans in uniform – but they
are few and far between and are consistently let down by their corrupt
and bungling government. Their logistic supply system is a bizarre
disgrace and they rely entirely on foreign forces for air support.
President
Karzai, whom some of us remember as a pleasant but inconsequential
public relations man in Pakistan during the Soviet occupation of
Afghanistan, has complained bitterly about Washington’s recognition of
the Durand Line as the legal border between his country and Pakistan.
The fact that the Line is indeed the internationally acknowledged
division between the countries is considered insulting by the Afghan
government. And this is where there is a major problem.
Just
what is going to happen to Pakistan when (most) foreign troops quit
Afghanistan, leaving the ineffective Afghan army to take on the Taliban,
the well-armed criminal gangs and the private armies of the warlords?
Does anyone imagine they will be able to destroy the poppy fields? (Not
that the foreign forces have managed to even reduce them in a decade of
occupation.) President Obama announced last week that “The war in
Afghanistan is coming to a close”, and he might be correct in his
statement so far as America is concerned. But this war won’t come to an
end for Afghanistan itself – or for Pakistan.
The entire
International Security Assistance Force (Isaf) in Afghanistan has proved
incapable of defeating a few thousand militants fighting against their
presence. And there has been much international criticism of Pakistan
because of militants cross the Durand Line. The fact that over 3,000
soldiers of the Pakistan Army and Frontier Corps have been killed by
insurgents in the frontier areas as a direct result of the west’s war in
Afghanistan is disregarded. Also ignored are the facts that it takes
two sides to control a border, and that tens of thousands of foreign
troops and the entire Afghan army have been unable to stop such
movement. The flow of drugs, weapons and militants continues.
After
the withdrawal of foreign troops (although hundreds of US special
forces and scores of drones and ground attack aircraft will remain,
along with hundreds more troops to protect their bases), does anyone
imagine that the Afghan army is going to be capable of controlling its
side of the border? Will it even want to? One thing the Kabul
politicians agree upon is that Afghanistan should not recognise the
Durand Line. (The other matter on which they see eye to eye is that they
should plunder the nation’s coffers while the going is good, which is
almost the only illustration of official efficiency in the entire
country.)
So Pakistan is going to be faced with a corrupt
and hostile government in Kabul, which in turn will be opposed by a
bunch of militia-leading warlords and a loosely structured Taliban
organisation of fanatical barbarians. What an attractive prospect.
The
greatest threat to the entire region is that anarchy in Afghanistan
will create even more instability in Pakistan. This makes it important
that western nations who have involved themselves in Afghanistan make
sure the effects of quitting the place after their disastrous decade do
not lead to destruction of Pakistan. They must guarantee provision of
all possible support to Pakistan in its forthcoming years of trial. And
one of the most important ways of doing this would be to help encourage
stability in the Tribal Areas. This will take lots of money and
expertise – and considerable time – but it can be done through a process
of development in which the prime objective must be education.
All
is not lost. But losing is getting awfully close. Over to you, western
countries, because you owe Pakistan big time, for causing the chaos
across its western border.
The writer is a South Asian affairs analyst.